DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses a short genetic marker in an organism's DNA to identify it as belonging to a particular species. It differs from molecular phylogeny in that the main goal is not to determine classification but to identify an unknown sample in terms of a known classification.[1] Although barcodes are sometimes used in an effort to identify unknown species or assess whether species should be combined or separated, such usage, if possible at all, pushes the limits of what barcodes are capable of.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_barcoding
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